2. Child Development
Meaning of Growth and Development
Difference between Growth and Development
Principles of Child Development
Stages of Development
Infancy
Childhood
Adolescence
Developmental Tasks
3. Dimensions of Development
Physical Development
Cognitive Development
Language Development
Emotional Development
Social Development
Moral Development
4. Factors Affecting Development
Heredity and Environment
Family Influence
School Influence
Peer Group Influence
Society and Culture
5. Socialization Process
Meaning of Socialization
Role of Teacher
Role of Parents
Role of Friends/Peers
School as an Agency of Socialization
6. Learning and Learning Process
Meaning and Nature of Learning
Characteristics of Learning
Factors Affecting Learning
Learning Curve
Transfer of Learning
Motivation and Learning
7. Learning Theories (Very Important)
Jean Piaget – Cognitive Development Theory
Lev Vygotsky – Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD)
Lawrence Kohlberg – Moral Development
Ivan Pavlov – Classical Conditioning
B. F. Skinner – Reinforcement Theory
Edward Thorndike – Laws of Learning
Gestalt Theory
8. Intelligence and Creativity
Meaning of Intelligence
Types of Intelligence
Multi-Dimensional Intelligence
IQ and Intelligence Testing
Creativity and Creative Learners
9. Child-Centered and Progressive Education
Child-Centered Education
Constructivism
Language and Thought
Activity-Based Learning
Learner-Centered Classroom
10. Individual Differences
Meaning and Causes
Diversity among Learners
Differences based on:
Language
Gender
Community
Background
Ability Levels
11. Gender and Education
Gender as Social Construct
Gender Roles
Gender Bias in Education
Equality in Classroom
12. Inclusive Education & Children with Special Needs (CWSN)
Meaning of Inclusive Education
Identification of Special Needs
Teaching Strategies
Learning Difficulties
Gifted and Talented Children
Classroom Adaptation
13. Assessment and Evaluation
Measurement, Assessment and Evaluation
Assessment for Learning
Assessment of Learning
School-Based Assessment
Continuous and Comprehensive Evaluation (CCE)
Formative and Summative Assessment
14. Teaching–Learning Process
Teaching Methods
Classroom Management
Questioning Techniques
Learning Readiness
Critical Thinking Development
15. Cognition and Emotions
Cognitive Processes
Emotional Development
Learning Motivation
Personal and Environmental Factors
Understanding Children’s Errors